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That's very true but I'd have to give the nod to T5s on lamp replacement. The intensity and color shift occurs much faster in a halide bulb then a tube (T5/T8/T12). Halides usually need replacing at about 9 months but most push it to 12 months. T5 are usually good for 18-24 months and some push...

Looks like dynos or diatoms to me and it's overall better for the tank to remove as much as possible of undesired algae and like stuff whenever possible even when it's on schedule with a new tank setup. Just my opinion of course! Carlo

I'm sure he is. :)

It's hard to see in the pic but the brown looking stuff isn't good. See if you can rub it off with a toothbrush or siphon it out. Carlo

I'd have to agree with Harry. I know a few people who have 30" tanks with really big crocea clams sitting on the bottom doing fabulous. One of these tanks is wall to wall SPS also from top to bottom and they all look fantastic. If your water is clean and you have proper flow for what you are...

You better show up in a Rolls Royce Limo for a frag of that chalice. :) Carlo

I really hadn't heard it either Phil but I've been seeing it first hand on returns in the last few months so I'd thought I'd mention it. I don't doubt your observations at all on the wattage and pressures. Mags aren't exactly effecient pumps. Kind of like comparing Iwaki and Sequence external...

I could also drop one in the mail if you can't find one. Shame you don't live closer as I could loan you a Mag 7 too. I think I've got every mag/pond master up to the 3600 sitting on the basement shelf just in case. :) Are you using the stock impeller or a modified (IE pinwheel) type on the...

Jeff Turner from Reef Aquaria Design was one of the key people on that tank but there were others. I've got a bunch of pictures I could scan and post if you guys want to see some pics of the build out on the tank and what it looked like in the early days. Carlo

I've always been a big Ozone user and love it. I've ran them with both reactors and skimmers and couldn't really tell the difference. I sold my reactor to make more room and felt I didn't need it anyway. I now just run it through one of my skimmers. If you're worried about messing up a good...

If not let me know Phil, I've got them and could always bring one to the meeting if you can wait that long. Carlo

While very nice I think the Deltec's are overpriced compared to similar skimmers. Bubble King have always had a good reputation but these days buck for buck the Volcano skimmers are probably the best value in large skimmers. The Predator downdrafts have had a solid reputation and pull a lot...

Fish diseases are caused by 1 of 2 general types of bacteria, gram-negative or gram-positive. Gram-negative bacteria cause most of the diseases in SW fish, and gram-positive a few. Gram-negative bacteria show up as rods under a microscope, where gram-positive bacteria have a nucleus and are...

Gut feeling but I think if you routinely stir it up a bit in sections from the start you won't run into problems but if you never touch it and let it set a few years and then stir it up bad things could happen. Carlo

Can you use this meter underwater in salt? If not the test is mute. :) Yep, any type of PAR meter is excellent to use. They are really good at telling you when it's time to change your lights. Take the first measurement about 2 weeks after installing new lamps and then use it to compare to down...

A semi cheap solution ($99 ish) for corals and small fish is the use of something like a 6g JBJ Nano tank. It's small and doesn't take up much room. Unless you are trying to QT a large colony you can usually get a half dozen smaller corals in one as you won't have sand and rock in it. They have...

Super Nice, gotta be the nicest chalice I think I've ever seen with multicolors like that! If you wouldn't mind a couple of questions. How big was it when you got it? How much did that beast set you back? Where did you ever find that? Carlo

Amen Harry. I do the same! Carlo

Just ran one quick test. Using XM single ended non-shielded lamps and PFO ballasts 250 lamp scores PPFD 182 400w lamps scores PPFD 202 Per site: The units for PAR can be specified in energy terms or in photon terms. In energy terms, PAR is expressed as PAR Irradiance, which is the total energy...

Nope didn't take it that way at all. Besides there isn't anything wrong with challenging something you think may be wrong anyway. :) I don't happen to have any solid numbers laying around anywhere but I bet all the data needed is already available on Sanjay's site. There WILL be a difference...