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The bubbles are O2, which as it has reached saturation at that spot. Algae's do this also. However, in Cyano the bubbles often get trapped in a film so they are much more observable.

Can you use to much GAC ? No. But then there is over kill and a waste of money. Can or could there be any potential risks ? Yes. If you are using none and then start using it or add allot more of what you are using or go from a poor grade to a high grade and have a tank full of corals, the often...

You are using a "dry" GFO, which has not wetted enough yet, thus it floats. Once wetted it will run as should. Also, I think many use to much in these reactors. This is due to the weight of a higher column vs a lower column, which makes the higher columm work poorly. 2" of space at the top, go...

PU can do some PU to your test kits for Alk, Ca++, giving high false readings. PU has no Mg++ in it as it is Aragonite. It is more or less "snake oil" or other things like it. It does, at times, act as a nice settling media for calcareous algae and corals.

Pseudocheilinus evanidus = False-roof-line.........disappearing/vanishing

OH, now I see how you go that :D

I just looked it up in one of my books :)

Pseudocheilinus evanidus "Disappearing Wrasse"

Good analogy there JR :)Or marbles or coarse gravels in potted plants

Correct, it should not be mixed. The reason is to allow the GFO not to turn in a more solid mass. One does not have to use GAC, it is just that GAC is light and works good as a "spacer". I think Matrix is a good choice because it is round and a hard GAC. Hollow Glass spheres would be better. GFO...

Sunny Make sure you keep your Magnesium up. Normal Mg++ levels for x Salinity will protect them from the chloride ions in seawater. x Salinity = 38 x Salinity in ppt Lets say your salinity is 33 ppt (1.0249) x Salinity = 38 x 33 = ~1250 ppm Mg++ Salinity Conversion Calculator...

Some short notes on GFO and carbon 1. In reactors it s best to add some GAC to it like SeaChem Matrix. You are not adding it for filtration, you are adding it to create space in the GFO, so it doe not "pack-up". This allows better water flow throughput of the GFO and extends its life. 2.GFO is...

HP can be very dangerous if you do NOT know what yo are doing. It can raise the O2 though the roof. When allied correctly in the old "Craig Bingman Method" it works great. Although he never got to writing up anything on it. He used it in a special rector. For years, in the 'olden days", there...

Phyl That is an odd L@@King parrot fish in your avatar ;)

You bet Phyl

Oliver There is not quite what you ask for, these are about it. There is really noting on Potassium What is seawater http://reefkeeping.com/issues/2005-11/rhf/index.php What is TDS? (Salinity works off of this) http://www.reefkeeping.com/issues/2004-04/rhf/feature/index.php Refractometers...

Yah, I know and figured you might say that but did not expect to see them closed up that tight. I thought you just touched them and kinda pushed in the siphons and they rebounded back out. I have books on tunicates and have never seen one like that. I have sent the pic out to Les to look at it...

That is a sponge. I'm working on a better ID than just sponge :) I have not see or can find anything quite like it yet.

Yes, that is quite normal and some drop allot more than yours. And yes it is more or less back to normal.

[URL=http://www.lmgtfy.com/?q=Composition+of+seawater]Here I just had to try/do this :D You are wasting your money as they are not needed. And by far most tanks have to many of them to begin with.